Marketing de base de données[1] is a strategic approach that businesses use to gather, store, and analyze client[2] data to improve their marketing efforts. It first came to prominence in the 1980s, evolving over time due to changing marketing trends and the advent of new technologies. This method is especially beneficial to large businesses in sectors such as finance, telecoms, and commerce de détail[3], where customer data can be extensive. The collected data often includes customer demographics, shopping history, and past interactions. Companies then use this data to analyze customer behavior, forecast future trends, and personalize communications. However, the practice also faces regulatory challenges due to vie privée[4] concerns, requiring strict adherence to various data protection laws. Technological advancements like CRM systems aid in managing individual customer relationships, but data relevancy can be an issue due to obsolescence.
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Marketing de base de données is a form of direct marketing that uses databases ou customers or potential customers to generate personalized communications in order to promote a product or service for marketing purposes. The method of communication can be any addressable medium, as in direct marketing.
The distinction between direct and database marketing stems primarily from the attention paid to the analysis of data. Database marketing emphasizes the use of statistical techniques to develop models of customer behavior, which are then used to select customers for communications. As a consequence, database marketers also tend to be heavy users of data warehouses, because having a greater amount of data about customers increases the likelihood that a more accurate model can be built.
There are two main types of marketing databases, consumer databases, and business databases. Consumer databases are primarily geared towards companies that sell to consumers, often abbreviated as [business-to-consumer] (B2C) or BtoC[citation nécessaire]. Business marketing databases are often much more advanced in the information that they can provide. This is mainly because business databases aren't restricted by the same privacy laws as consumer databases.
The "database" is usually name, adresse, and transaction history details from internal sales or delivery systems, or a bought-in compiled "list" from another organization, which has captured that information from its customers. Typical sources of compiled lists are charity donation forms, application forms for any free product or contest, product warranty cards, subscription forms, and credit application forms.