Digital video, the main subject of this text, is a type of digital recording system that works by using a digital rather than an analog video signal. The technologie[1] was first established when MOS image sensors were used in digital video cameras. Since then, it has undergone several developments, including the invention of the first semiconductor image sensor, CCD, and the shift of the entertainment industry to digital imaging. Today, digital video is widely used in various sectors, such as entertainment, education, and research. It is also utilized in different applications like surveillance, storage, and tracking vital signs in the healthcare sector. A key feature of digital video is its ability to be easily copied and distributed without loss of quality. It also offers various storage options, including Blu-ray Discs, data storage devices, and Internet[2] streaming. Its technical aspects involve bandwidth consumption for live videos and storage consumption for recorded videos, with compression significantly reducing data consumption. There are also different video formats for consommateur[3] and professional use. The highest resolution of digital video demonstrated to date is 132.7 megapixels.
Vidéo numérique is an electronic representation of moving visual images (video) in the form of encoded digital data. This is in contrast to analog video, which represents moving visual images in the form of analog signals. Digital video comprises a series of images numériques displayed in rapid succession, usually at 24, 30, or 60 frames per second. Digital video has many advantages such as easy copying, multicasting, sharing and storage.
Digital video was first introduced commercially in 1986 with the Sony D1 format, which recorded an uncompressed standard-definition component video signal in digital form. In addition to uncompressed formats, popular compressed digital video formats today include MPEG-2, H.264 et AV1. Modern interconnect standards used for playback of digital video include HDMI, DisplayPort, Digital Visual Interface (DVI) and serial digital interface (SDI).
Digital video can be copied and reproduced with no degradation in quality. In contrast, when analog sources are copied, they experience generation loss. Digital video can be stored on digital media such as Blu-ray Disc, on computer data storageou streamed over the Internet à end users who watch content on a personal computer or mobile device screen or a digital smart TV. Today, digital video content such as TV shows et movies also includes a digital audio soundtrack.