Digital divide

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The digital divide[1] refers to the gap between individuals, households, businesses, and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard to their opportunities to access information and communication technologies. It is the disparity in the access to, use of, or impact of information and communication technologies. The digital divide stems from various factors, including income, education, race, gender, location, age, skills, awareness, and attitudes. It is not just about the physical connection to the internet[2] but also about the quality of that connection, digital literacy, and the ability to use information. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the digital divide became more noticeable as reliance on digital technologies increased significantly. The digital divide can exacerbate educational, health, and social disparities among different socio-economic and demographic groups.

Terms definitions
1. digital divide.
1 The digital divide refers to the gap between individuals, households, businesses, and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard to their opportunities to access information and communication technologies. It is the disparity in the access to, use of, or impact of information and communication technologies. The digital divide stems from various factors, including income, education, race, gender, location, age, skills, awareness, and attitudes. It is not just about the physical connection to the internet but also about the quality of that connection, digital literacy, and the ability to use information. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the digital divide became more noticeable as reliance on digital technologies increased significantly. The digital divide can exacerbate educational, health, and social disparities among different socio-economic and demographic groups.
2 The digital divide refers to the gap between individuals, households, businesses, and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard to their opportunities to access information and communication technologies. It is the disparity in the access to, use of, or impact of information and communication technologies. The digital divide stems from various factors, including income, education, race, gender, location, age, skills, awareness, and attitudes. It is not just about the physical connection to the internet but also about the quality of that connection, digital literacy, and the ability to use information. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the digital divide became more noticeable as reliance on digital technologies increased significantly. The digital divide can exacerbate educational, health, and social disparities among different socio-economic and demographic groups.
2. internet. The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use standardized communication protocols, primarily the TCP/IP, to link devices worldwide. Originating from the term 'internetted' used in 1849, the term 'Internet' was later used by the US War Department in 1945. Its development began with computer scientists creating time-sharing systems in the 1960s and further progressed with the establishment of ARPANET in 1969. The Internet is self-governed, without a central authority, and its principal name spaces are administered by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). It has significantly transformed traditional communication media and has grown exponentially over the years, with internet users increasing 20% to 50% annually. In 2019, over half of the world population used the Internet. The Internet protocol suite, which includes TCP/IP and four conceptual layers, guides internet packets to their destinations. Essential services like email and Internet telephony operate on the Internet. The World Wide Web, a global collection of interconnected documents, is a key component of the Internet.
Digital divide (Wikipedia)

The digital divide is the unequal access to digital technology, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, and the internet. The digital divide creates a division and inequality around access to information and resources. In the Information Age in which information and communication technologies (ICTs) have eclipsed manufacturing technologies as the basis for world economies and social connectivity, people without access to the Internet and other ICTs are at a socio-economic disadvantage, for they are unable or less able to find and apply for jobs, shop and learn.

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