Geo-fence

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Geo-fencing is a location-based technology[1] that was pioneered by Michael Dimino in the early ’90s. This technology uses GPS, cellular phones, and alarms to create a virtual boundary or “fence” to detect and track movement. It operates in two modes: Active, which uses continuous GPS, and Passive, which operates in the background without constant GPS usage. Geo-fencing is widely used in various sectors including law enforcement, safety, workplace management, and marketing. It allows for precise targeting through methods such as zip codes, street addresses, GPS coordinates, and IP targeting. Furthermore, geo-fencing has significant legal implications, often discussed in global security[2] conferences. It has also been used in a variety of high-profile cases, such as the Capitol Riot. Despite its technical nature, geo-fencing is a user-friendly technology, often used in smart home systems and other consumer[3] applications.

Terms definitions
1. technology. Technology, derived from the Greek words meaning craft and knowledge, is a broad term that refers to the tools, machines, and systems developed by humans to solve problems or fulfill objectives. Originating with primitive tools like stone axes and the discovery of fire, technology has evolved significantly throughout human history. It has been instrumental in different eras, from the invention of the wheel and advanced irrigation systems in ancient civilizations to the birth of universities and printing press during the medieval and Renaissance periods. The Industrial Revolution in the 18th century marked a significant shift in mass production and innovation, giving rise to modern technologies like electricity, automobiles, and digital communication platforms. Today, technology is integral to various aspects of life and society, driving economic growth and societal change, while also raising concerns about security, privacy, and environmental impacts. The future of technology is expected to bring even more advancements, with the rise of artificial intelligence predicted to have significant implications for the job market.
2. security. Security, as a term, originates from the Latin 'securus,' meaning free from worry. It is a concept that refers to the state of being protected from potential harm or threats. This protection can apply to a wide range of referents, including individuals, groups, institutions, or even ecosystems. Security is closely linked with the environment of the referent and can be influenced by different factors that can make it either beneficial or hostile. Various methods can be employed to ensure security, including protective and warning systems, diplomacy, and policy implementation. The effectiveness of these security measures can vary, and perceptions of security can differ widely. Important security concepts include access control, assurance, authorization, cipher, and countermeasures. The United Nations also plays a significant role in global security, focusing on areas like soil health and food security.
Geo-fence (Wikipedia)

A geofence is a virtual perimeter for a real-world geographic area. A geofence can be dynamically generated (as in a radius around a point location) or match a predefined set of boundaries (such as school zones or neighborhood boundaries).

Two geofences defined in a GPS application

The use of a geofence is called geofencing, and one example of use involves a location-aware device of a location-based service (LBS) user entering or exiting a geofence. Geofencing approach is based on the observation that users move from one place to another and then stay at that place for a while. This method combines awareness of the user's current location with awareness of the user's proximity to locations that may be of interest. This activity could trigger an alert to the device's user as well as messaging to the geofence operator. This info, which could contain the location of the device, could be sent to a mobile telephone or an email account.

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